1. Cov txheej txheem tshiab, thev naus laus zis thiab kev siv tshiab ntawm Titanium
1.1 Cov Kev Npaj Npaj Titanium
Txawm hais tias titanium yog tus muaj kev nplua nuj nyob hauv xwm, nws yog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj vim nws tau dispersed thiab nyuaj rau extract. Tam sim no, kev npaj ntawm titanium tau muab faib ua ob pawg:Thermal Txo Txoj Kev thiabMolten ntsev electrolysis txoj kev.
(1) Kev npaj ntawm cov qauv thermal txo cov qauv ntsuas hluav taws xob yog txhawm rau txo cov neeg sawv cev titanium los ntawm ticl 4, k-wb, mg, cog, cog, cog, cog, cog, cog, cog thiab lawv cov dej. Ua raws li lub titanium compound, cov thermal txo cov txheej txheem rau kev npaj titanium tuaj yeem faib ua peb pawg:
① Redox txoj kev ntawm Titanium chloride, xws li txoj kev coj, kev yos hav zoov, Armstrong Txujci thiab EMR txoj kev;
② Redox txoj kev ntawm cov titanium oxide, xws li cov qauv tseem kav, PRP txheej txheem, MHR txoj kev;
③ Redox Txoj kev ntawm Titanate.
Tam sim no, tsuas yog pab kawm ntawv thiab kev yos hav zoov tuaj yeem thov tau zoo hauv kev lag luam ntau lawm. Cov txheej txheem KRollSium siv cov hlautesesium los hloov cov tlanium hauv chloride, thaum tus neeg yos hav zoov txoj kev siv sodium los hloov tyloride. Ib qho ntxiv, tus qauv Armstrong tsim los ntawm Chicago International Titanium hmoov tuam txhab hauv Tebchaws Meskas zoo ib yam li tus neeg saib xyuas kev coj mus rau qhov kev txo tus neeg sawv cev kom lim titanium. Tsoomfwv Meskas tau pib siv cov qauv no rau kev tsim tshwj xeeb ua ntej hauv cov teeb meem.
(2) Npaj ntawm titanium los ntawm molten ntsev electrolysis nyob rau hauv 1959, KBLT kev twv piav qhia tias Molten SEUV electrolysis yuav hloov cov txheej txheem ntsev kom ua rau kev tsim cov titanium hauv qhov tom ntej no {2}} xyoo. Ntau xyoo, kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb thiab chaw soj nab hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau tsim muaj ntau dua li kaum cov khoom siv ntsev los ntawm molten ntsev electrolysis.
Lawv tuaj yeem faib ua cov hauv qab no raws li cov khoom siv raw:
① electrolysis ntawm titanates;
② electrolypees titanium chlorides;
Cov txheej txheem ntawm titanium oxides, suav nrog FFC Cambridge txoj kev, cov txheej txheem Tstb, Qit txheej txheem, DEV Txuj Ci thiab Ionic kua electrolysis txoj kev.
1.2 Kev Siv Tshiab Ntawm Titanium
Txij li xyoo 1940, kev siv titanium tau tsim sai thiab tau siv dav hauvLub dav hlau, Rockets, cuaj ceg, khoom siv dag zog, cov nkoj loj, nkoj, Kev ua tub rog, Kev Kho Mob, petrochemical kev lag luam thiab lwm thaj teb. Qhov kev tshawb fawb kawg tau pom tias tib neeg lub cev muaj qee qhov nqi ntawm titanium, uas tuaj yeem txhawb cov phagocytes thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv. Yog li, ntau lub chaw soj ntsuam yog cog lus rau kev loj hlob thiab kev siv ntawm biological titanium.
2.Txhua cov txheej txheem, thev naus laus zis thiab kev siv tshiab ntawm titanium alloys
2.1 Npaj txoj kev ntawm titanium alloys
Kev ua yeeb yam ntawm titanium alloys feem ntau ntseeg tau cov thev naus laus zis thiab tshuab ua haujlwm. Cov thev naus laus zis ua tiav tau muab faib ua cov hauv qab no:(1) Nyob ze-cov thev naus laus zis ua yeeb yam; (2) cov xov hlau vuam tshuab; (3) Superplastic kev ua tshuab; (4) khoos phis tawj simulation ntawm kev npaj khoom thiab kev ua tiav.
Nyob ze-luj txoj kev thev naus laus zis suav nrog kev ua laser laser, precision tuag forging, hmoov metallurgy, txhaj tshuaj molding thiab lwm txoj kev. Hmoov metallurgy yog cov txheej txheem tshiab uas siv cov hmoov tentanium lossis titanium alloy hmoov li kev tsim thiab sintering, los tsim titanium seem.
1. Txhawm rau tsim hmoov, cov neeg kho tshuab ib txwm siv, siv pob zeb ua pob kom muaj kev cuam tshuam, zom cov ntaub ntawv raw.
2. Cov alloy uas tau tsim rau hauv cov hmoov yog nias thiab tsim. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev nias, uas yog cov kev tsim kom muaj zog thiab cov qauv tsim. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kauj ruam ntawm cov kauj ruam no yog kom tau txais qee yam qauv thiab qhov loj me ntawm nias embryo, thiab ua kom nws muaj qhov ntom ntom thiab lub zog.
3. Tom qab seem yog raug tso tawm cov ntshav tawm thiab qis dua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau siv los siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo rau cov khoom siv, thermoplastic deformation thiab txias.
4. Titanium alloy tom qab Plasma Sintering yog tom qab kev ua tiav, feem ntau kev kho cua sov lossis kev ua yas.
2.2 Siv ntawm titanium alloys
Titanium alloys tau dav siv nyob rau hauv lub aerospace teb thaum ntxov, feem ntau yog siv los ua cov cav ntoo lossis cov tshuab huab cua. Tam sim no, titanium alloys tau siv hauv Civil, Hoobkas lossis tsev neeg cov khoom siv. Txoj kev txhim kho tshiab ntawm titanium alloys yog feem ntau concentrated hauv tsib yam nram qab no.
(1) Kho mob Titanium Alloys Titanium alloys muaj tsawg dua thiab zoo biocompatibility, ua rau lawv cov ntaub ntawv kho mob zoo tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem cog tau hauv tib neeg lub cev.
(2) nplaim taws-retardant titanium alloys titanium-raws li tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv qab qhov hluav taws kub uas muaj nplaim taws-retardant titanium alloys. Tebchaws Asmeskas, Russia thiab Tuam Tshoj tau ua tiav cov nplaim hluav taws xob tshiab-retardant titanium alloys. Ntawm lawv, Tebchaws Asmeskas siv cov nplaim taws no-retardant titanium alloys hauv cov cav. Vim tias cov titanium alloys tsis rhiab kev sib txuas, lawv tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub cav.
(3) Lub zog siab thiab lub siab-tawv-ypepe -Type titanium alloy muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog siab, zoo nkauj weldability, thiab kev ua tau zoo heev thiab kev ua tau zoo heev thiab kev ua tau zoo heev thiab ua kom txias. Thiab nws cov yam ntxwv txhua yam tau zoo heev tom qab kev daws teeb meem kev laus.
(4) titanium txhuas compound typeanium txhuas muaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo thiab ua kom nruj dua thiab muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom nti
(5) Kub-Kub Titanium Alloy ua ke cov qauv kev sib xyaw ua ke los npaj cov khoom siv tshuab hluav taws xob kom npaj cov khoom siv titanium nrog kub thiab txias zoo. Qhov kev pabcuam kub txwv tsis pub muaj kev txwv kub ntawm qhov ntsuas kub titanium alloy yog ntau dua li ntawm cov titanium alloy.
(6) Titanium Nickel Alloy Cov Alloy Lijyub ntawm Titanium thiab Nickel yog hu ua "nco tagnrho". Qhov no alloy tau ua rau hauv cov duab ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd ua qauv kho. Yog tias nws yog deformed los ntawm kev quab yuam sab nraud, nws tuaj yeem rov qab tau rau nws thawj cov cua sov los ntawm cua sov me ntsis. Cov alloy no tuaj yeem siv tau hauv ntau daim teb xws li cov twj ua ntsuas, khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam.
